Lady
Fatimah (AS) protests against Abu Bakr's Actions
Fatimah (AS) felt grieved
by Abu Bakr's actions, and was so displeased with him that when she knew
of his attempt to seize Fadak, she accompanied a group of women to the
mosque. There she sat down and delivered the following speech:
Praise be to Allah for
that which He bestowed (upon us); And thanks be to Him for all that
which He inspired; and commended in His Name for that which He Provided:
From prevalent favors which He created, And abundant benefactions which
He offered and perfect grants which He presented; (such benefactions)
that their number is much too plentiful to compute; Bounties too vast to
measure;
Their limit was too
distant to realize; He recommended to them (His creatures) to gain more
(of His benefaction) by being grateful for their continuity; He ordained
Himself praiseworthy by giving generously to His creatures; I bear
witness that there is no God but Allah Who is One with out partner, a
statement which sincere devotion is made to be its interpretation;
hearts guarantee its continuation, and dominated in the minds is its
sensibility. He Who can not be perceived with vision; neither be
described with tongues; nor can imagination surround His state.
He originated things but
not from anything that existed be- fore them, and created them with- out
examples to follow. Rather, He created them with His might and dispersed
them according to His will; not for a need did He create them; nor for a
benefit for Him) did He shape them, But to establish His wisdom, Bring
attention to His obedience, manifest His might, lead His creatures to
humbly venerate Hun, and to exalt His decrees. He then made the reward
for His obedience, And punishment for his disobedience, so as to protect
His creatures from His Wrath and amass them into His Paradise.
I too bear witness that my
Father, Muhammad, is His Slave and Messenger, Whom He chose prior to
sending him, named him before sending him; when creatures were still
concealed in that which was transcendental, guarded from that which was
appalling, and associated with the termination and nonexistence. For
Allah the Exalted knew that which was to follow, comprehended that which
will come to pass, And realized the place of every event.
Allah has sent him
(Muhammad) (p.b.u.h) as perfection for His commands, a resolution to
accomplish His rode, and an implementation of the decrees of His Mercy.
So he found the nations to vary in their faiths; Obsessed by their
fires, Worshipping their idols, And denying Allah despite their
knowledge of Him. Therefore, Allah illuminated their darkness with my
Father, Muhammad, (p.b.u.h) uncovered obscurity from their hearts, and
cleared the clouds from their insights He revealed guidance among the
people; So he delivered them from being led astray, led them away from
misguidance, guided them to the proper religion and called them to the
straight path.
Allah then chose to recall
him back in mercy, love and preference. So, Muhammad (p.b.u.h) is in
comfort from the burden of this world, he is surrounded with devoted
angels, the satisfaction of the Merciful Lord, and the nearness of the
powerful King. So may the praise of Allah be upon my Father, His
Prophet, Trusted one, the chosen one from among His creatures, and His
sincere friend, and may peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
Fatimah then turned to the
crowd and said:
Surely you are Allah 's
slaves at His command Prohibition; You are the bearers of His religion
and revelation; You are Allah's trusted ones with yourselves; and His
messengers to the nations. Amongst you does He have righteous authority;
A covenant He brought unto you, and an heir He left to guard you; That
is The eloquent book of Allah; The truthful Quran; The brilliant light;
The shining beam; Its insights are indisputable; Its secrets are
revealed; Its indications are manifest; and its followers are blessed by
it. (The Quran) leads its adherents to good will; and Hearing it leads
to salvation; with it are the bright divine authorities achieved, His
manifest determination acquired, His prohibited decrees avoided; His
manifest evidence recognized; His satisfying proofs made apparent, His
permissions granted, and His laws written. So Allah made belief to be a
purification for you from poly- theism
He made: Prayer- An
exaltation for you from conceit. Alms- A purification for the soul and a
(cause of) growth in subsistence. Fasting-An implantation of devotion.
Pilgrimage- A construction of religion. Justice- A harmony of the
hearts; Obeying us (AhlulBayt)- Management of the nation. Our leadership
(AhlulBayt): Safeguard from disunity.
Jihad (struggle) - A
strengthening of Islam. Patience- A helping course for deserving
(divine) reward. Ordering goodness (Amr Bil Maruf)- Public welfare.
Kindness to the parents- A safeguard from wrath. Maintaining close
relations with one's kin- A cause for a longer life and multiplying the
number of descend- ants. Retaliation (Qesas)-For sparing blood (souls).
Fulfillment of vows-subjecting oneself to mercy. Completion of weights
and measures- A cause for preventing the neglect of others' rights.
Forbiddance of drinking wine- An exaltation from atrocity. Avoiding
slander- A veil from curse. Abandoning theft- a reason for deserving
chastity. Allah has also prohibited polytheism so that one can devote
himself to His Lordship. Therefore; Fear Allah as He should be feared
and die not except in a state of Islam, Obey Allah in that which He has
commanded you to do and that which He has forbidden, for surely those
truly fear among His servants, who have knowledge.
Lady Fatimah Zahra (AS)
then added:
O People ! Be informed that I am Fatimah, and my father is Muhammad
(p.b.u.h) I say that repeatedly and initiate it continually; I say not
what I say mistakenly, nor do I do what I do aimlessly. Now hath come
unto you an Apostle from amongst yourselves It grieves him that you
should perish; Ardently anxious is he over you;; To the believers he is
most kind and merciful. Thus, if you identify and recognize him, you
shall realize that he is my father and not the father of any of your
women; the brother of my cousin (Ali (AS) ) rather than any of your men.
What an excellent identity he was, may the peace and blessings of Allah
be upon him and his descendants.
Thus, he propagated the
Message, by coming out openly with the warning and while inclined away
from the path of the polytheists, (whom he) struck their strength and
seized their throats, while he invited (all) to the way of his Lord with
wisdom and beautiful preaching, He destroyed idols, and defeated heroes,
until their group fled and turned their backs. So night revealed its
dawn; righteousness uncovered its genuineness; the voice of the
religious authority spoke out loud; the evil discords were silenced; The
crown of hypocrisy was diminished; the tightening of infidelity and
desertion were untied, So you spoke the statement of devotion amongst a
band of starved ones; and you were on the edge of a hole of fire; (you
were) the drink of the thirsty one; the opportunity of the desiring one;
the fire brand of him who passes in haste; the step for feet; you used
to drink from the water gathered on roads; eat jerked meat.
Lady Fatimah (AS) was
stating their lowly situation before Islam
You were despised outcasts always in fear of abduction from those around
you. Yet, Allah rescued you through my father, Muhammad (p.b.u.h) after
much ado, and after he was confronted by mighty men, the Arab beasts,
and the demons of the people of the Book Who, whenever they ignited the
fire of war, Allah extinguished it; and whenever the thorn of the devil
appeared, or a mouth of the polytheists opened wide in defiance, he
(p.b.u.h) would strike its discords with his brother (Ali (AS) ), who
comes not back until he treads its wing with the sole of his feet, and
extinguishes its flames with his sword.
He is (Ali (AS) ) diligent
in Allah's affair, near to the Messenger of Allah, A master among Allah
's worshippers, setting to work briskly, sincere in his advice, earnest
and exerting himself (in service to Islam); While you were calm, gay,
and feeling safe in your comfort- able lives, waiting for us to meet
disasters, awaiting the spread of news, you fell back during every
baffle, and took to your heels at times of fighting. Yet, When Allah
chose His Prophet from the dwell of His prophets, and the abode of His
sincere (servants); The thorns of hypocrisy appeared on you, the garment
of faith became worn out, The misguided ignorant(s) spoke out, the
sluggish ignorant came to the front and brayed. The he camel of the vain
wiggled his tail in your Courtyards and the Devil stuck his head from
its place of hiding and called upon you he found you responsive to his
invitation, and observing his deceits. He then aroused you and found you
quick (to answer him), and invited you to wrath, therefore; you branded
other than your camels and proceeded to other than your drinking places.
Then while the era of the Prophet was still near, the gash was still
wide, the scar had not yet healed, and the Messenger was not yet buried.
A (quick) undertaking as you claimed, aimed at preventing discord
(trial), Surely, they have fallen into trial already! And indeed Hell
surrounds the unbelievers. How preposterous! What an idea! What a
falsehood! For Allah's Book is still amongst you its affairs are
apparent; its rules are manifest; its signs are dazzling; its
restrictions are visible, and its commands are evident. Yet, indeed you
have casted it behind your backs! What! Do you detest it? Or according
to something else you wish to rule? Evil would be the exchange for the
wrongdoers! And if anyone desires a religion other than Islam
(submission to Allah), it never will it be accepted from him; And in the
hereafter, he will be in the ranks of those who have lost. Surely you
have not waited until its stampede seized, and it became obedient. You
then started arousing its flames, instigating its coal, compiling with
the call of the misled devil, quenching the light of the manifest
religion, and extinguished the light of the sincere Prophet. You
concealed sips on froth and proceeded towards his (the Prophet) kin and
children in swamps and forests (meaning you plot against them in
deceitful ways), but we are patient with you as if we are being notched
with knives and stung by spearheads in our abdomens, Yet-now you claim-
that there is not inheritance for us! What! Do they then seek after a
judgment of (the Days of) ignorance ? But how, for a people whose faith
is assured, can give better judgment than Allah? Don't you know? Yes,
indeed it is obvious to you that I am his daughter. O Muslims! Will my
inheritance be usurped? O son of Abu Quhafa! Where is it in the Book of
Allah that you inherit your father and I do not inherit mine? Surely you
have come up with an unprecedented thing. Do you intentionally abandon
the Book of Allah and cast it behind your back? Do you not read where it
says: And Sulaiman inherited Dawood ? And when it narrates the story of
Zakariya and says: 'So give me an heir as from thyself (One that) will
inherit ones and inherit the posterity of Yaqoob'.
And; 'But kindred by hood
have prior rights against each other in the Book of Allah'
And: 'Allah (thus) directs you as regards your children's (inheritance)
to the male, a portion equal to that of two females'
And: '...If he leaves any goods, that he makes a bequest to parents and
next of kin, according to reasonable usage; this is due from the pious
ones.'
You claim that I have no share! And that I do not inherit my father!
What! Did Allah reveal a (Quranic) verse regarding you from which He
excluded my father? Or do you say:
'These (Fatimah and her father) are the people of two faiths, they do
not inherit each other? !' Are we not, me and my father, a people
adhering to one faith? Or is it that you have more knowledge about the
specifications and generalizations of the Quran than my father and my
cousin (Imam Ali) ? So, here you are! Take it! (Ready with) its nose
rope and saddled! But if shall encounter you on the Day of Gathering,
(thus) what a wonderful judge is Allah, a claimant is Muhammad, and a
day is the Day of Rising.
At the time of the Hour shall the wrongdoers lose; and it shall not
benefit you to regret (your actions) then! For every Message, there is a
time limit; and soon shall ye know who will be inflicted with torture
that will humiliate him, and who will be confronted by an everlasting
punishment.
Fatimah then turned
towards the Ansars and said:
O you people of intellect! The strong supporters of the nation! And
those who embraced Islam; What is this short-coming in defending my
right? And what is this slumber (while you see) injustice (being done
toward me)? Did not the Messenger of Allah (p.b.u.h) my father, used to
say:
'A man is upheld (remembered) by his children ?!' O how quick have you
violated (his orders)! How soon have you plotted against us? But you
still are capable (of helping me in) my attempt, and powerful (to help
me) in that which I request and (in) my pursuit (of it).
Or do you say: "Muhammad (p.b.u.h) has perished;" Surely this is a great
calamity; Its damage is excessive its injury is great, Its wound (is
much too deep) to healed The Earth became darkened with his departure;
the stars eclipsed for his calamity; hopes were seized; mountains
submitted; sanctity was violated, and holiness was encroached upon after
his death. Therefore, this, by Allah, is the great affliction, and the
grand calamity; there is not an affliction- which is the like of it; nor
will there be a sudden misfortune (as surprising as this).
The Book of Allah-excellent in praising him-announced in the courtyards
(of your houses) in the place where you spend your evenings and
mornings; A call, A cry, A recitation, and (verses) in order: It had
previously came upon His (Allah's) Prophets and Messengers, (for it is)
A decree final, and a pre- destination fulfilled: 'Muhammad is not but
an Apostle: Many were the apostles that passed away before him. If he
died or was slain, will ye then turn back on your heels If any did turn
back on his heels, not the least harm will he do to Allah; but Allah (on
the other hand) will swiftly reward those who (serve Him) with
gratitude.'
O you people of reflection; will I be usurped the inheritance of my
father while you hear and see me?! (And while) You are sitting and
gathered around me? You hear my call, and are included in the (news of
the) affair? (But) You are numerous and well equipped! (You have) the
means and the power, and the weapons and the shields. Yet, the call
reaches you but you do not answer; the cry comes to you but you do not
come to help? (This) While you are characterized by struggle, known for
goodness and welfare, the selected group (which was chosen), and the
best ones chosen by the Messenger (p.b.u.h) for us, AhlulBayt. You
fought the Arabs, bore with pain and exhaustion, struggled against the
nations, and resisted their heroes. We were still, so were you in
ordering you and you in obeying us. So that Islam became triumphant, the
accomplishment of the days came near, the fort of polytheism was
subjected, the outburst of fabrication subsided, the flames of
infidelity calmed down, and the system of religion was well-ordered.
Thus, (why have you) become con- fused after clearness? Conceal matters
after announcing them ? Turned on your heels after daring? Associated
(others with Allah) after believing? Will you not fight people who
violated their oaths? Plotted to expel the Apostle and became aggressive
by being the first (to assault) you? Do ye fear them? Nay, it is Allah
Whom ye should more justly fear, if you believe! Nevertheless, I see
that you are inclined to easy living; dismissed he who is more worthy of
guardianship (Ali (AS) ) You secluded yourselves with meekness and
dismissed that which you accepted. Yet, if you show ingratitude, ye and
all on earth together, yet, Allah free of an wants, worthy of appraise.
Surely I have said all that I have said with full knowledge that you
intent to forsake me, and knowing the betrayal which your hearts sensed.
But, it is the state of soul, the effusion of fury, the dissemination of
(what is) the chest and the presentation of the proof Hence, Here it is!
Bag it (leadership and) put it on the back of an ill she-camel, which
has a thin hump, with ever lasting grace, marked with the wrath of
Allah, and the blame of ever (which leads to) the Fire of (the wrath of)
Allah kindled (to a blaze), that which doth mount (right) to the hearts;
For, Allah witnesses what you do, and soon will the unjust assailants
know what vicissitudes their affairs will take !! And I am the daughter
of a Warner (the Prophet p.b.u.h.) to you against a severe punishment.
So, act and so will we, and wait, and we shall wait. [The end of Lady
Fatimah's speech.]
It appears from recorded
historical events, that Lady Fatimah (AS) was successful at the
beginning in persuading Abu Bakr to hand back Fadak to her; listen to
part of a speech he (according to some historians) delivered after
hearing Fatimah's speech. He said:
' O daughter of the
Messenger of Allah. . . Surely the Prophet is your father, not anyone
else's, the brother of your husband, not any other man's; he surely
preferred him over all his friends and (Ali) supported him in every
important matter, no one loves you save the lucky and no one hates you
save tile wretched. You are the blessed progeny of Allah's Messenger,
the chosen ones, our guides to goodness, our path to Paradise, and
you-the best of women-and the daughter of the best of prophets, truthful
is your sayings, excelling in reason. You shall not be driven back from
your right...But I surely heard your father saying: ' We the group of
prophets do not inherit, nor are we inherited. ' Yet, this is my
situation and properly, it is yours (if you wish); it shall not be
concealed from you, nor will it be stored away from you. You are the
Mistress of your father's nation, and the blessed tree of your
descendants. Your property shall not be usurped against your will, nor
can your name be defamed Your judgment shall be executed in all that
which I possess. This, do you think that I violate your father's (will)
? '
Fatimah then refuted Abu
Bakr's claim that the Prophet (p.b.u.h) had stated that prophets can not
be inherited, and said:
Glory be to Allah ! Surely Allah's Messenger (p.b.u.h) did not abandon
Allah's Book nor did he violate His commands. Rather, he followed its
decrees and adhered to its chapters. So do you unite with treachery
justifying your fabrications? Indeed this-after his departure-is similar
to the disasters which were plotted against him during his lifetime. But
behold ! This is Allah's Book, a just judge and a decisive speaker,
saying One that will (truly) inherit Me, and inherit the posterity of
Yaqub, and Sulaiman inherited Dawood.
Thus, He (Glory be to Him)
made clear that which He made share of all heirs, decreed from the
amounts of inheritance, allowed for males and females, and eradicated
all doubts and ambiguities (pertaining to this issue which existed with
the) by gones.
Nay! But your minds have
made up a tale (that may pass) with you, but (for me) patience is most
fitting against that which ye assert; it is Allah (alone) whose help can
be sought.
It is apparent that Abu
Bakr chanced the mode with which he addressed Lady Fatimah (AS) after
delivering her speech. Listen to his following speech; which is his
reply to Fatimah's speech. Abu Bakr said:
Surely Allah and His
Apostle are truthful, and so has as (the Prophet's) daughter told the
truth. Surely you are the source of wisdom, the element of faith, and
the sole authority. May Allah not refute your righteous argument, nor
invalidate your decisive speech But these are the Muslims between us-who
have entrusted me with leadership and it was according to their
satisfaction that I received what I have. I am not being arrogant,
autocratic, or selfish, and they are my witnesses.
Upon hearing Abu Bakr
speak of the people's support for him, Lady Fatimah Zahra (AS) turned
towards them and said:
O people, who rush towards
uttering falsehood and are indifferent to disgraceful and losing actions
!
Do you not earnestly seek
to reflect upon the Quran, or are your hearts isolated with locks? But
on your hearts is the stain of the evil which you committed; it has
seized your hearing and your sight, evil is that which you justified,
cursed is that which you reckoned, and wicked is what you have taken for
an exchange! You shall, by Allah, find bearing it (to be a great)
burden, and its consequence disastrous. (That is) on the day when the
cover is removed and appears to you what is behind it of wrath. When you
will be confronted by Allah with that which you could never have
expected, there will perish, there and then, those who stood on
falsehoods.
Although parts of Abu
Bakr's speeches can not be verified with authentic evidence, and despite
the fact that we have already mentioned part of the actual speech which
Abu Bakr delivered after Lady Fatimah's (AS) arguments, it appears
certain that Abu Bakr was finally persuaded to submit Fadak to her.
Nevertheless, when Fatimah
(AS) was leaving Abu Bakr's house, Umar suddenly appeared and exclaimed
:
What is that you hold in your hand ?
Abu Bakr replied :
' A decree I have written for Fatimah (AS) in which I assigned Fadak and
her father's inheritance to her.
Umar then said :
With what will you spend on the Muslims if the Arabs decide to fight
you.
Umar then seized the decree and tore it up !!!
Sunni references:
- Seerah al Halabiyah, vol 3 p 391 -> 400
- Fadak in History, Murtaza Muttaheri, p 85
- Fatimah the Gracious, Abu Muhammed Al-Ordoni |