Significance of Hajj
Hajj as an obligatory act of worship (Ibadat)
means to visit the Kaa'ba in Makkah on the specified dates in the month
of Thul-Hijjah and perform the religious rites in accordance with the
Islamic Laws.
Obligation of Hajj
Any man or woman, who fulfills the
following qualifications, has a religious obligation (Hajjatul Islam or
Wajib Hajj) to perform Hajj once in a lifetime.
1. Must have attained puberty (Baligh/Bulugh),
girls 9 years of age and boys 15 years of age.
2. Must be A'Aaqil, means being sane and of sound mind.
3. Must be free from bondage.
4. Must be healthy.
5. Must have enough time to travel to Makkah and perform Hajj within the
required days.
6. Must have enough funds (Istita'ah) for traveling and for all Hajj
expenses, as well as enough money to leave behind or be able to make a
living on his return to maintain himself and his dependants during Hajj
and after it.
If he has dependents, he must be able
to maintain himself and his family. Upon his return, he must have enough
means to maintain himself and his family. The journey to Hajj and
returning from it must not involve any danger to the security of his
life, wealth and family. One intending to go to Hajj must be healthy. If
he is infirm or old or has any other justifiable excuse Hajj would not
be Wajib, though if other conditions were fulfilled, however, he must
send someone as his Naib (agent representative). Ample time must be
there for one to prepare to go to Hajj, and to perform all the
obligatory acts. If other conditions of Hajj are met, while time is
limited or extraordinary effort is involved, one has to keep the money
unused until the following year for the purpose.
Performance of Hajj is WAJIB-E-FAURI.
When above conditions are fulfilled, Hajj becomes Wajib immediately. To
postpone it without any reasonable excuse is among the major sins. Hajj
must be performed in the same year of Istita'ah, and it continues to
remain obligatory in the ensuing years as long as it has not been
performed.
Types of Hajj
There are three kinds of Hajj:
1. Hajj-e-Tamattu (Advantageous Hajj). This is commonly known as Wajib
Hajj and will be dealt with in detail. In Hajj-e-Tamattu, Umrah is
performed before the Hajj. The pilgrim removes Ihraam after Umrah on the
8th of Thul-Hijjah and re-enters into the state of Ihraam
again for Hajj.
2. Hajj-e-Ifrad/Mufrad (Individual Hajj). All conditions of the Hajj-e-Ifrad/Mufrad
are same. One enters into the state of Ihraam for Hajj only and Umrah
can be performed after the Hajj.
3. Hajj-e-Qiran (Combined Hajj). This is applicable only to persons who
are resident within a radius of 16 Farsakh or 88 km Sharii of Makkah
(Each Farsakh is about 5.5 km). In this Hajj, the pilgrim enters into
the state of Ihraam for both Hajj and the Umrah at one time.
Miqats
Miqats
are specific places (appointed by Sharia) in Saudi Arabia, on the way to
Makkah, which a pilgrim cannot cross without first wearing Ihraam.
1. Dhul-Hulaifa in the North (or commonly known as Masjid-e-Shajarah/Abar
Ali). This is the Miqat, used by pilgrims who first go to Medina. It is
about 7 km from city of Medina on the way to Makkah.
2. Al-Johfa in the North-West for those going to Makkah from Jeddah.
(Or, if it is difficult to go to Masjid-e-Johfa because of a valid
reason, one can go to Rabigh, which is Mahaz-e-Miqat (in line of Miqat)
and put on Ihraam there). It is about 115 Km from Jeddah on the way to
Medina. Pilgrims arriving from Egypt, Syria and Southern Africa are
required to enter into the state of Ihraam at this place.
3. Zat Irq in the North-East. Located about thirty miles from Makkah,
the pilgrims coming from Iraq and by land from the eastern side enter
into the state of Ihraam at this place.
4. Qarn al-Manazil, located about 40 miles to the East of Makkah, the
Pilgrims arriving from Yemen and by sea enter into the state of Ihraam
at this place.
5. Yalamlam in the South-East, which is the Miqat for those who come via
the Yemen.
6. Taneem (Masjid-e-Umra), this place is near Makkah and acts as Miqat
for people living in Makkah. If someone is living in Makkah and wants to
perform Umra then he should go to this place, enter into the state of
Ihraam and then return to Makkah so that the condition of traveling for
the pilgrims is also fulfilled. The Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) has said:
"Part of the worship of Hajj and Umra is to travel in the way of Allah
and to go out of the city."
Ihraam on the Airplane
Since Jeddah is not identified as one
of the prescribed Miqats nor Mahaz-e-Miqat, it is, therefore, not
sufficient to put on Ihraam in Jeddah. If one wishes to travel to Makkah
from Jeddah then Ihraam has to be worn by NAZR in one's own country or
in the Airplane at a distance approximately one hour before reaching
Jeddah. In this case, one will have to pay KAFFARA (for gents only) for
traveling under shade. Nazr should be made in this manner:
Allah has the right over me that I should
become Muhrim from here. |