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The Battle of Ahzab (The Allies)
Again in the
month of Shawwal, two years later in 5 A.H., another great war was on
the rise. The Jews allied themselves with the unbelievers of Mecca led
by Abu Sufyan, the Bedouin tribes of Ghatafan, Solaim, Bani Qais and
Bani Asad as well as the Jews of Khaibar to destroy Islam and its
Prophet in a final escapade.
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Life of Khadija-tul-Kubra (AS)
Early Life of
Khadija-tul-Kubra (AS)
Khadija in was born in Mecca. She
was the daughter of Khuwayled bin Asad bin Abdul Uzzabin Qusayy.
Khadija’s (AS) fathers and forefathers made her a collateral member of
Bani Hashim. Her honorable family was notably known for its nobility in
all of Arabia. Virtue and character distinguished Khadija (AS) and her
family from the rest of the people of the time. Khadija’s (AS) father,
Khuwayled, like many during his time, was a merchant, and so made a
living through foreign trade. His caravans carried the produce of the
desert and the goods manufactured in Mecca, and sold them in the markets
in Syria and Yemen. Not only did Khadija’s (AS) father buy and sell
goods, he also pedigreed horses in Syria. Khadija’s (AS) mother died
sometime around A.D. 575. Her father died ten years later in A.D.585.
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Prophet Jesus (a.s.)
One night, Maryam (a.s.) prolonged the
time of prayer and supplication and remained glorifying God, until she
was separated from everything around her and her soul communicated with
the heaven repeating the verses that glorify the greatness of the
Creator and reciting the supplications that increase His favors and pour
on her dignity and glory as they pour on all the righteous and selected
people. While she was indulging in those contemplation’s, she felt
suddenly some hard trembles that shook her body and some strong emotions
that stirred her; she looked around her to find a human creature who
made her dominated by awe, and think of fleeing all the more that she
guessed that the man may be a criminal who took advantage of the
inadvertence of the inhabitants of the temple and slid furtively into
her sanctuary.
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Prophet Isaac (a.s.)
A women's joy is great and she becomes
very happy when she gives birth to her first child especially when she
has become old and was complaining of the bitterness of being deprived
of children. Sarah, Abraham's wife welcomed her first child Isaac with
big joy and unlimited happiness. Isaac's birth was not an ordinary
event, but it had the mark of an outstanding event especially that the
angels predicted it and mentioned at the same time his son Yacoob.
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Prophet Ayoub (a.s.)
Prophet Ayoub’s (a.s.) story is one of
the most fascinating stories as patience and adversity are concerned.
It is famous to an extent that it became an example of patience and
endurance. Prophet Ayoub lived in Huran, a land in Syria near Damascus
where there was a mosque in his name distant about three miles from the
town Nawa where Prophet Ayoub (a.s.) used to resort with his wife in
adversity. He lived about ninety years as a preacher who gave warning,
obeying and worshipping God who granted him wealth and posterity, so he
used to offer food to the hungry and the deprived and water to the
thirsty. He also use to offer dwelling to the orphan and helped the
oppressed and the weak.
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Prophet Adam (a.s.)
The Qur'an
narrates the story of the earth building after God finished its creation
and spoke to the angels saying:
"We are going to put
a successor in the earth."
It is natural that the angels knew nothing about
the wisdom of such successor as they do not know the reason of the
creation so; God suggested to the angels, after it was confirmed to them
that Adam and his descendants will be inferior to the angels with regard
to fear of God, obedience and worship, God suggested to the angels to
ask the powerful creator:
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BASED ON THE HOLY MONTH OF RAMADAN 1426 LECTURE # 3
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LESSONS TAKEN FROM:
THE BATTLE OF BADR
“In the Name of ALLAH the Merciful, the Compassionate”
By: Brother Ali Ja’afary.
INTRODUCTION:
The battle of Badr is to Muslims much more than just an historical
battle in the history of Islam. In fact, the battle of Badr is a very
complex lesson on many different Islamic and humanitarian issues. This
battle was of such importance that its event is full of divine
revelation and mystical and miraculous events. We can say that the
battle of Badr truly physically introduced man to many of the hidden
stations of creation, humanity, the heavens and the Hereafter. It also
completely proved without a doubt the divine support the Muslims
received in the great days of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (saww). It also
introduced the world to great heroes and champions of Islam.
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BASED ON THE HOLY MONTH OF RAMADAN 1426 LECTURE # 1
Abu Talib (a-s) And Lady Khadija (s-a):
EXAMPLES OF TRUE SACRAFICES OF EARLY ISLAM.
By: Brother Ali Ja’afary.
“In the Name of ALLAH the Merciful, the Compassionate”
INTRODUCTION:
When the Message of Islam was brought down as a revelation from ALLAH
(swt) by the Angel Jibreel (a-s), to the seal and master of the
Prophets; Prophet Muhammad (saww), it would change human development for
all times. Islam brought nations out of the dark ages, it taught rather
savage and nomad societies, the highest advancement in manners, moral
conduct, ethics and humanism. In fact Islam is the single biggest event
to shape mankind in all of the history of creation, never has one single
movement changed so many lives, reached so many distances and
transformed as many fields of thinking as Islam. The Islamic agenda, in
all its perfection, is not only a religious movement, but is in fact a
complete and comprehensive programme that touches absolutely all aspects
of the human being. Islam’s positive and natural progression for mankind
was and still is a crucial part of its existence.
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The Battle of Islam
at Nahrawan
After the unsatisfactory conclusion to
the
Battle of Siffin, Imam Ali (A.S.)
returned with his army back to Kufa on the 13th of Safar 37 A.H. During
the march, a group of 12,000 men kept themselves at a distance from the
main part of the army.
The group was furious at the way things
had ended at Siffin. These were the Kharjites (Kharjite means one who
rebels against religion). They were the same people who had put down
their weapons on the battlefield. Now they said that Imam Ali (A.S.) had
betrayed Islam by agreeing to the truce and should have referred
judgment to the Holy Qur'an alone or continued to fight. They demanded
that he repent for this great sin.
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The battle of Islam
at Siffin
After the battle of Jamal was over,
Imam Ali (A.S.) returned from Basra to Kufa in Rajab of 36 A.H. He
decided to transfer the capital of his government to Kufa from Madina
because it was more centrally placed in the Muslim Empire, and he could
halt Muawiya's progress into Iraq.
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The battle of Jamal
(Camel)
Ummul Momeneen Ayesha the daughter of
the first Caliph Abu Bakr, and the widow of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.),
was in Makka for the pilgrimage when third Caliph Uthman was killed. She
had always expected either Talha or Zubayr to succeed him and when she
heard of Imam Ali's (A.S.) appointment as Caliph, she was very upset.
And said, 'By God! Uthman was innocent, I will avenge his blood.'
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The battle of Hunayn
8 (A.H.)
The formidable Bedouin tribes, the
Hawaazin, the Saqif and various others pastured their flocks on the
territories bordering Mecca. Some of them possessed strongly fortified
towns like Tayef, and were unwilling to render obedience to the Muslims
without resistance. They formed a league with the intention of
overwhelming Prophet Muhammad (SAW) before he could make preparations to
repulse their attack.
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Battle of Ahzab
(Tribes) / Battle of Khandaq (Ditch / Moat)
The Qureshite community had one
important dream: The destruction of Mohammed and his religion. Pagan
tribes outside Mecca were sharing with them the same dream. Like the
Meccans, these tribes considered Mohammed a serious menace to their
religion. This belief brought these tribes and the Muslims into military
confrontations in which the Muslims had the upper hand. These tribes,
therefore, were like the Meccan community full of resentment and rancor
towards Mohammed and his religion.
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The second battle of
Islam at Uhud
Reasons for the battle of Uhud
The Qureshites came out from the
Battle of Badr with an astonishing
result which they did not expect. They were confident of their
capability to annihilate the Muslims easily. Because of they were more
numerous and with a bigger reserve and more logistics. Yet, they
suddenly found themselves losing seventy of their warriors and leaders,
along with seventy captives, in a one-day battle. And above all, the
resounding defeat which they received was at the hand of a group whom
they used to be little.
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The
First Battle of Islam at Badr
The emigration of the Holy Prophet
(S.A.W) to Medina had turned the enemies from Mecca more hostile, and
they constantly kept on thinking how they could overthrow him, and put
an end to Islam. The Meccans and their allies started to bring their
raids to the very outskirts of Medina, destroying the fruit trees of the
Muslims and carrying away their flocks.
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In the
name of Allah the Beneficient the Merciful
The Muslims in the life time of the Prophet (saw ) were brought up
to learn the Quran as _Ibadat_ ( Devotion ), to recite it as _Devotion_, to
write it down as _Devotion_, to teach their children and other people and
make them learn it by heart and understand it as _Devotion_.
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The Qureshites came out from the Battle
of Badr with an astonishing result which they did not expect. They were
confident of their capability to annihilate the Muslims easily. For the
Qureshites were more numerous and with a bigger reserve and more
logistics. Yet, they suddenly found themselves losing seventy of their
warriors and leaders, along with seventy captives, in a one-day battle.
And above all, the resounding defeat which they received was at the hand
of a group whom they used to belittle.
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After the battles of Badr, Ohud and
Khandaq the infidels of Makka avoided any further military ventures. The
Prophet decided to perform Umra in the 6th year of Hijra (628) AD.
As the Muslims approached Makka, the
infidels of Makka did not like this and stopped the Muslims entering
Makka. Seeing them bent on aggression, the Messenger of Allah agreed to
a treaty with the Makkans. It was wisely drafted by Imam Ali (A.S.), the
terms outwardly looked humiliating to Muslims that if a Muslim was taken
captive by the infidels he will not be returned but if an infidel comes
to the hands of the Muslims he will be released immediately.
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An excerpt from the book,The Brother
of the Prophet Muhammad, by M. Jawad Chirri, Director of the
Islamic Center of America, Two Volumes, Harlo Press 1988, Revised
Edition.
The Conclusion
It would not be difficult for the
reader to infer the following:
1. The Battle of Uhud was one of the
battles on which the future of Islam depended.
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There are astounding parallels between
the life of Salman and the lives of three great prophets, viz., Abraham,
Joseph son of Jacob, and Muhammed Mustafa the son of Abdullah, may Allah
bless them all.
Abraham defied his father who was an
idolater; Salman defied his father who was a fire-worshipper; and
Muhammed Mustafa defied the Quraysh of Makkah who were polytheists. The
reason for this defiance by all three of them was the same, viz., their
faith in the Oneness of their Creator. Their pure faith as monotheists
made conflict with the polytheists inevitable.
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The battle
of Badr was the most important among the Islamic battles of Destiny. For
the first time the followers of the new faith were put into a serious
test. Had victory been the lot of the pagan army while the Islamic
forces were still at the beginning of their developments, the faith of
Islam could have come to an end.
No one was
aware of the importance of the outcome of the battle as the Prophet
(saww) himself. We might read the depth of his fervor in his prayer
before the beginning of the battle when he stood up supplicating his
Lord:
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Khadija
Daughter of Khuwaylid
Wife of Prophet Muhammad
(pbuh)
May 12, 1994
Yasin T. al-Jibouri
Introduction:
If
you wish to research the life of this great lady, and if you do not have
al-Majlisi's voluminous [110 Vol.] encyclopedia titled Bihar al-Anwar,
the best references are: al-Sayyuti's Tarikh al Khulafa,
Abul-Faraj al-Isfahani's Aghani, Ibn Hisham's Seera, Muhammad ibn
Ishaq's Seerat Rasool-Allah, and Tarikh al-rusul wal muluk
by Abu Ja`far Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (839-923 A.D.). Of all these
books, only al-Tabari's Tarikh is being translated (by more than
one translator and in several volumes) into English. One publisher of
Tabari's Tarikh is the press of the State University of New York
(SUNY). This article has utilized a number of Arabic and English
references, and it is written especially for those who appreciate
history, our great teacher, be they Muslims or non-Muslims, and who
aspire to learn from it.
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Fatima bint Assad (A);
The Mother of Imam Ali (as)
One of the exemplary women
in the history of Islam was Fatima bint Assad, who got many honors in
her blessed life. Her father was Assad, son of Hashim. Her life is
worthy of note from different aspects, because the virtues that Allah
had bestowed on her were so great that no other woman, before or after
her, could be her equal in that respect.
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Arbitration in Islam
By Ayatullah Muhammed Beheshti
From time to time
differences arise on various questions between the people living
together. Historical and personal experience shows that no society has
ever existed, between the individuals or the social organizations of
which there have never been any differences. Such differences have
always existed in all societies from the primitive and semi‑barbaric to
the most advanced and civilized. Usually the differences and clash of
interests arise between two individuals, two organizations, two classes
or two nations, in one of the two ways.
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Arabia Before Islam
By Ayatullah
Muhammed Beheshti
In order to acquire a close
familiarization with Islam it is necessary to know the environment in
which Islam took birth and started to spread since such an understanding
greatly aids the recognition of that entity.
It is possible to have a
superficial knowledge of certain matters without being familiar with
their knowing their background or the conditions of their origin. But a
profound understanding of a certain being or phenomenon depends wholly
on a thorough familiarization of the background of that being or
phenomenon.
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